Incubator



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet-l. S. C. CAMPBELL.

INGUBATOR.

(No Model.) sheets-sheet 2.

S. C. CAMPBELL.

- INGUBATOR.

No. 416,774. Patented Deo. 10, 1889..

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y SANFORD C. CAMPBELL, OF THORNTOWN, INDIANA.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,774, dated December 10, 1889.

u u Application filed September 4, 1889, Serial No. 322,943. (No model.)

chambers, the prevention of smokeor other products of combustion in the hatching-chamber, and the supplying of pure moist air thereto, all as hereinafter fully described.

Figure l represents a central longitudinal section of my incubator. Fig. 2 represents a plan of the same at a, Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a transverse section at h, Fig. l.

A and B are closed watertight tanks arranged one above the other and connected at 4 the four corners by tubes c c c c, the purpose being to permit a free circulation ot' water from one tank to the other. Tanks A and B form,respectively, the floor and ceiling of the hatching-chamber D, the end Walls of which are formed by the partitions e e and the side walls by the inner walls f f of the casing. The hatching-chamber is provided with a series of drawers h h, in which the eggs to be hatched are placed, access being had to the drawers through door 7l in the front of the Casin g J.

H H are air-tubesl passing from the hatching-chamber out through the walls of the casing.

The tanks A and B are inclosed in a casing J, having double walls, the outer wall being extended downward to form air-passages S U and inclosing the lamp-chamber T, and the inner walls being extended upward to form the broodingchamber M, the top of which is closed by a glazed lid N and the floor of which is formed by the top of tank B. Suitable heat-non-conducting material o is packed between the walls of the casing.

The space beneath tank A is divided by the double partitions p p and r r into three compartments S, T, and U, which communicate with each other through air-passages fu o and with the external air through openings w w, which are guarded by wire-cloth. Compartment T is the heating-chamber, having its top formed by the bottom of tank A, which rests on the partitions p and r.

X is an ordinary coal-oil lamp, to which access is had through the door d. In the bottom of tank A, immediately above the lamp X, is the mouth of the flue F, which passes first upward and forward andthen backward across the interior and through the back walls of the tank, as indicated in dotted lines iv Fig. 2, and thence upward and out between the walls of the casing.. The ue F is provided at the foot of its vertical .section with a closed extension y, which receives the bulb of a thermometer z, mounted on the outside of the casing.v

For the purpose of supplying moisture to the air of the hatching-chamber a small closed tank t is secured inside tank A, but not communicating therewith, the tank t being filled through one of the covered openings'l l 1, in which wicks 2 2 2 are inserted. The bulb of a thermometer 3, the scale of which is read on the outside of the brooding chamber, is immersed in tank B.

4 is an opening through which the tanks are iilled with p water.

The operation of my device is as follows: Tanks A, B, and t having beentilled with water and lamp X lighted, the eggs t0 be hatched are placed in drawers h. The products of combustion from the lamp circulate through tank A in tlue F and pass out through the upward extension of said line. The water in tank A is thus quickly heated, both by the products of combustion passing through the flue and by the radiatedheat from the lamp, and the heated water rising through the tubes c is replaced by the cooler water from tank B, and a circulation is thus established which insures a uniform temperature in both tanks. The arrangement of the heating-chamberand the air-passages S and U is such that a free supply of pure air for combustion is provided without danger of blowing out the flame, and

a good circulation is kept up through flue F,

which prevents the products of combustion from being forced into the hatching-chamber. By means of the thermometers z and 3 the IOO vIo

temperature of the products of combustion, after leaving tank A. may readily be noted and adjusted by raising or lowering the wick of the lamp. Fresh air circulates through tubes H and the hatching-chamber. The air in the hatching chamber is moistened by heated water drawn from tank by the wicks 2. By means of these devices the eggs are kept moist and at a temperature which may be nicely adjusted to the natural conditions of incubation.

lVhen the eggs have been hatched, the young fowls are placed for a few days in the brooding-chamber M, which is heated by radiation from tank B to the same temperature as the hatching chamber, thereby avoiding the necessity of other coveringfor the young fowls.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an incubator, the colnbination, with the closed water-tank forming the floor ofthe hatching-chamber, of the small closed watertank inclosed within the larger tank and having its interior connected with the hatching chamber, so that heated water is gradually supplied to the -air of the hatching-chamber from said inclosed tank, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an incubator, the combination of the casing, the water-tank A, the lamp X, the Iiue F, arranged to convey the products of combustion from the lamp across the interior of the tank and having the extension y and a thermometer set in the exterior of the casing, and having its bulb insertedin said flue-extension, whereby the water in the tank is heated and the temperature of the contents of the flue after passing through the tank is conveniently indicated.

3. In an incubator, the inclosing-casing, the air-passages formed in the base thereof and having a communicating heat-chamber between them, Ythe Watertanks arranged one above the other and having the hatchingchamber between them, the iiue arranged to pass through the lower tank, and the brooding-chamber arranged above the upper tank, all combined and arranged to (3o-operate substantially as and for the purpose specied.

SANFORD C. CAMPBELL.

Witnesses:

M. M. HARDIN, O. N. CAMPBELL. 

